Performer, Reporter, and Marketer: Three Different Local Parliament Faces on Social Media
Main Article Content
Abstract
Indonesian local parliaments have an image as a corrupt, closed, outdated, and unreachable institution in the public’s eyes. However, the parliaments have never tried to more actively developing policies which encourage active community participation. The recent adoption of social media by local parliaments seems to be a sign of the parliament’s willingness to encourage greater community contributions. However, little can be understood about the implications of these activities. Moreover, whether social media contributes significantly to community participation in local parliaments. The purpose of this study is to explore the use of social media by local parliaments. This study employed qualitative multiple case studies by conducting a content analysis on Facebook and Twitter in four local parliaments. This study found three faces of local parliaments on social media which are performers, reporters, and marketers. In general, there has been a willingness of local parliaments to become more transparent and participatory institutions. Nevertheless, the massive adoption of social media to promote more participatory democratic practices was conducted half-heartedly by the local parliaments. Practically, if local parliaments want to use social media to enchance their image, they must publish content that promotes openness such as online assembly and educative information.
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MARPAUNG, Zailani Surya; SANTOSO, Anang Dwi.
Performer, Reporter, and Marketer: Three Different Local Parliament Faces on Social Media.
Policy & Governance Review, [S.l.], v. 3, n. 3, p. 272-287, sep. 2019.
ISSN 2580-4820.
Available at: <https://journal.iapa.or.id/pgr/article/view/154>. Date accessed: 17 jan. 2026.
doi: https://doi.org/10.30589/pgr.v3i3.154.
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
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Anderson, P. J., & Mcleod, A. (2004). The great non-communicator? The mass communication deficit of the European parliament and its press directorate*. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies,
42 (5), 897â€"917. d oi: 10.1111/j .0021-9886.2004.00534.x
Arnstein, S. R. (1969). A ladder of citizen participation. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 35(4), 216â€"224. doi:10.1080/01944366908977225
Avery, E. J., & Graham, M. W. (2013). Political public relations and the promotion of participatory, transparent government through social media. International Journal of Strategic Communication, 7(4), 274â€"291. doi: 10.1080/1553118X.2013.824885
Bertot, J. C., Jaeger, P. T., & Grimes, J. M. (2010). Using ICTs to create a culture of transparency: E-government and social media as openness and anti-corruption tools for societies. Government Information Quarterly, 27(3), 264â€"271. http://doi. org/10.1016/j.giq.2010.03.001
Bertot, J. C., Jaeger, P. T., & Hansen, D. (2012).The impact of polices on government social media usage : Issues, challenges, and recommendations. Government Information Quarterly, 29(1), 30â€"40. doi:10.1016/j.giq.2011.04.004
BolÃvar, M. P. R. (2016). Designing social media policy for local governments: opportunities and challenges. In M. Z. Sobaci (Ed.), Social media and local governments: Theory and Practice (pp.37â€"58). Switzerland: Springer US. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-17722-9
Bonsón, E., Torres, L., Royo, S., & Flores, F. (2012). Local e-government 2.0 : Social media and corporate transparency in municipalities. Government Information Quarterly, 29(2), 123â€"132. doi: 10.1016/j. giq.2011.10.001
Brummette, J., DiStaso, M., Vafeiadis, M.,& Messner, M. (2018). Read all about it: The politicization of “Fake News†on twitter. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 95(2), 497â€"517. doi: 10.1177/1077699018769906
Carman, C. (2010). The process is the reality: Perceptions of procedural fairness and participatory democracy. Political Studies, 58(4), 731â€"751. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9248.2010.00840.x
Chun, S. A., Shulman, S., Sandoval, R., & Hovy, E. (2010). Government 2.0: Making connections between citizens, data and government. Information Polity, 15(1â€"2),1â€"9. doi: 10.3233/IP-2010-0205
Curtin, D., & Meijer, A. J. (2006). Does transparency strengthen legitimacy?. Information Polity, 11(2), 109â€"122. doi:10.3233/IP-2006-0091
di Gennaro, C. (2006). The internet and the public: Online and offline political participation in the United Kingdom. Parliamentary Affairs, 59(2), 299â€"313. http:// doi.org/10.1093/pa/gsl004
Doro, E., & Kufakurinani, U. (2018). Resource curse or governance deficit? The role of parliament in Uganda’s oil and Zimbabw e’s diamonds. Journal of Southern African Studies, 44(1), 43â€"57. doi: 10.1080/03057070.2018.1403214
Ellison, N., & Hardey, M. (2014a). Social media and local government: Citizenship, consum ption and democracy. Loc al Government Studies, 40(1), 21â€"40. doi:10.1080/03003930.2013.799066
Ellison, N., & Hardey, M. (2014b). Social mediaand local government: Citizenship,consumption and democracy. LocalGovernment Studies, 40(1), 21â€"40. doi:10.1080/03003930.2013.799066
Fan, xiaoling H. D. Z. Q. Z. W. (2016). How to strengthen the social media interactivity of e-government: Evidence from China. Online Information Review, 40(1), 79â€"96. doi: 10.1108/09574090910954864
Firmstone, J., & Coleman, S. (2015). Public engagement in local government: the voice and influence of citizens in online communicative spaces. Information, Communication & Society, 18(6), 680â€"695. doi: 10.1080/1369118X.2014.986180
Francoli, M., & Ward, S. (2008). 21st century s oapboxes? M Ps and their blogs. Information Polity, 13(1â€"2), 21â€"39. doi:10.3233/IP-2008-0143
Grissom, J. A., & Harrington, J. R. (2013). Local legislative professionalism. American Politics Research, 41(1), 76â€"98. doi:10.1177/1532673X12448212
Gulati, G. J., & Williams, C. B. (2013). Social media and campaign 2012. Social Science Computer Review, 31(5), 577â€"588. doi:10.1177/0894439313489258
Haleva - Amir, S. (2011). Online Israeli politics: the current state of the art. Israel Affairs , 17 (3), 467â€"485. doi: 10.1080/13537121.2011.584678
Hand, L. C., & Ching, B. D. (2011). “You Have One Friend Request†an exploration of power and citizen engagement in local governments’ use of social media. Administrative Theory & Praxis, 33(3), 362â€"
382. doi: 10.2753/ATP1084-1806330303
Hartz-Karp, J., & Briand , M . K. (2009). Institutionalizing deliberative democracy. Journal of Public Affairs, 9(2), 125â€"141. doi:10.1002/pa.320
Hazell, R., Bourke, G., & Worthy, B. (2012). Open house? Freedom of information and its impact on The UK Parliament. Public Administration, 90(4), 901â€"921. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9299.2012.02024.x
Heaselgrave, F., & Simmons, P. (2016). Culture, competency and policy: Why social media dialogue is limited in Australian local government. Journal of Communication Management, 20(2), 133â€"147. doi: 10.1108/ JCOM-07-2015-0059
Holmberg, S., Lindberg, S., & Svensson, R. (2017). Trust in parliament. Journal of Public Affairs, 17(1â€"2), e1647. doi: 10.1002/ pa.1647
Holmberg, S., & Rothstein, B. (2017). Trusting other people. Journal of Public Affairs, 17(1â€"2), e1645. doi: 10.1002/pa.1645
Hudaya, M., Smark, C., Watts, T., & Silaen, P. (2015). The use of accountability reports and the accountability forum: Evidence from an Indonesian local government. Australasian Accounting, Business and Finance Journal, 9(4), 57â€"70. doi: 10.14453/ aabfj.v9i4.5
Inman, J., & Inman, J. (2012). 4 â€" devolved parliament and assemblies and regional government. In Finding Official British Information (pp. 103â€"144). doi: 10.1016/ B978-1-84334-392-9.50004-5
Joshi, D., & Rosenfield, E. (2013). MP transparency, communication links and social media: A comparative assessment of 184 parliamentary websites. The Journal of Legislative Studies, 19(4), 526â€"545. doi:
10.1080/13572334.2013.811940
Kaplan, A. M., & Haenlein, M. (2010). Users of the world , unite! The challenges and opportunities of social media. Business Horizons , 53 , 59â€"68. doi: 10.1016/j. bushor.2009.09.003
Lee, E.-J., & Shin, S. Y. (2012). Are they talking to me? Cognitive and affective effects of interactivity in politicians’ twitter communication. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 15(10), 515â€"520. doi:10.1089/cyber.2012.0228
Leston-Bandeira, C. (2009). The impact of the internet on parliaments: A legislative studies framework. Parliamentary Affairs, 4. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsm040
Leston-Bandeira, C., & Bender, D. (2013). How deeply are parliaments engaging on social media. Information Polity, 18(4), 281â€"297. doi: 10.3233/IP-130316
Lewis, S. C., Zamith, R., & Hermida, A. (2013). Content analysis in an era of big data: A hybrid approach to computational and manual methods. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 57(1), 34â€"52. doi:
10.1080/08838151.2012.761702
Lindner, R., & Riehm, U. (2011). Broadening participation through e-petitions? An empirical study of petitions to the German parliament. Policy & Internet, 3(1), 63â€"85. doi: 10.2202/1944-2866.1083
Lusoli, W., Ward, S., & Gibson, R. (2005). (Re) connecting politics? Parliament, the public and the internet. Parliamentary Affairs, 59(1), 24â€"42. doi: 10.1093/pa/gsj010
Macintosh, A., Adams, N., Whyte, A., & Johnston, J. (2008). Epetitioning in the scottish parliament. In H. Chen, L. Brandt, V. Gregg, R. Traunmuller, S. Dawes, E. Hovy, A. Macintosh, C. A. Larson (Eds.), Digital Goverenment (pp. 487â€"501). Boston, MA: Springer.
Majumdar, S. R. (2017). The case of public involvement in transportation planning using social media. Case Studies on Transport Policy , 5 (1), 121â€"133. doi: 10.1016/j.cstp.2016.11.002
Missingham, R. (2011). E-parliament: Opening the d o o r. Go v ernm ent Inf o rm a ti o n Quarterly, 28(3), 426â€"434. doi: 10.1016/J. GIQ.2010.08.006
Mossberger, K., Wu, Y., & Crawford, J. (2013). Connecting citizens and lo c a l go v ernm ents ? S o c ial m ed ia and interactivity in major U.S. cities. Government Information Quarterly, 30(4),
351â€"358. doi: 10.1016/j.giq.2013.05.016
Nica, E., Popescu, G. H., Nicolaescu, E., & Constantin, V. D. (2014). The effectiveness of social media implementation at local government levels. Transylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences, 2014(SI), 152â€"166.
Norris, D. F., & Reddick, C. G. (2013). Local e-government in the United States: Transformation or incremental change?. Public Administration Review, 73(1), 165â€"175. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-6210.2012.02647.x
Norris, P. (2004). The evolution of election campaigns ~ Pippa Norris the evolution of election campaigns: Eroding political engagement?. Cambridge: Pippa Norris.
Okura, S., & Kaigo, M. (2016). Who leads advocacy through social media in Japan? Evidence from the “Tsukuba Civic Activities Cyber-Square†facebook page. Information (Switzerland), 7(4), 1â€"12. doi: 10.3390/info7040066
Omar, K., Stockdale, R., & Scheepers, H. (2014). Social media use in local government: An Australian perspective. International Journal of Public Administration, 37(10), 666â€"675. doi: 10.1080/01900692.2014.903270
Picazo-vela, S., Gutiérrez-martÃnez, I., & Luna- reyes, L. F. (2012). Understanding risks, benefits, and strategic alternatives of social media applications in the public sector. Government Information Quarterly, 29(4),504â€"511. doi: 10.1016/j.giq.2012.07.002
Ranchordás, S. (2017). Digital agoras: democratic legitimacy, online participation and the case of Uber-petitions. The Theory and Practice of Legislation, 5(1), 31â€"54. doi:10.1080/20508840.2017.1279431
Reddick, C. G., Chatfield, A. T., & Ojo, A. (2017). A social media text analytics framework for double-loop learning for citizen-centric public services: A case study of a local government Facebook use. Government Information Quarterly, 34, 1â€"16. doi: 10.1016/j.giq.2016.11.001
Ross, K., & Bürger, T. (2014). Face to face(book): Social media, political campaigning and the unbearable lightness of being there. Political Science, 66(1), 46â€"62. doi:10.1177/0032318714534106
Sæbø, Ø., Flak, L. S., & Sein, M. K. (2011). Understanding the dynamics in e-Participation initiatives: Lookingthrough the genre and stakeholder lenses. Government Information Quarterly, 28(3), 416â€"425. doi:
10.1016/j.giq.2010.10.005
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