Paradox of Social Capital in the Implementation of Public Policy (Finding in the Tanimbar Islands Regency)
Main Article Content
Abstract
The era of decentralization (autonomization) has begun in Indonesia since 1999. Various public policies have been made to support the implementation of decentralization. Of the many public policies, there are those that have been successfully implemented, but not a few have experienced ineffectiveness to failure. Many studies reveal that social capital is one of the factors that supports the successful implementation of various public policies. However, there is still very little research that looks at the dark side (paradox) of social capital, which contributes to the ineffectiveness of the implementation of a public policy. This paper discusses the paradox of social capital that causes the ineffectiveness of the process of implementing a public policy. The various cases discussed in this paper show that local government as implementing institution face serious obstacles in implementing various public policies, when public policies collide with the values of social capital that are lived and trusted by the local community. The Tanimbar Islands are a small and poor regency in Maluku Province, which also experiences this problematic situation. This situation occurs when the applied public policies clash with reality regarding some forms (manifestations) of social capital found in the community, such as the cultural values of duan lolat, sweri practices, and communal lifestyles in tnyafar. By showing the case of the Tanimbar Islands, we can see the dark side of social capital in the implementation of public policies, which in the future, need to be resolved.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
Article Details
How to Cite
RERESSY, Nikolaus Powell et al.
Paradox of Social Capital in the Implementation of Public Policy (Finding in the Tanimbar Islands Regency).
Policy & Governance Review, [S.l.], v. 3, n. 2, p. 157-170, june 2019.
ISSN 2580-4820.
Available at: <https://journal.iapa.or.id/pgr/article/view/132>. Date accessed: 19 apr. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.30589/pgr.v3i2.132.
Issue
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Adler, P., & Kwon, S. (2000). Social capital: The good, the bad and the ugly. In E. Lesser (Ed.), Knowledge and social capital: Foundations and applications (pp. 89-118). USA: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Ambon Ekspres. (2015). MTB termiskin di Maluku. Retrieved March 20, 2018, from http://ambonekspres.fajar.co.id/2015/02/24/mtb-termiskin-di-maluku/.
Anderson, J. E. (1990). Public policymaking: An introduction. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Asmara, M. G., Arba, & Maladi, Y. (2010). Penyelesaian konfik pertanahan berbasis nilai-nilai kearifan lokal di Nusa Tenggara Barat, Jurnal Mimbar Hukum, 22(1).
Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara Barat. (2018). Maluku Tenggara Barat dalam angka 2018. Saumlaki: Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara Barat.
Center for Strategic and International Studies. (2017). Demand Driven Development. Retrieved May 1, 2018, from https://www.csis.org/events/demand-drivendevelopment.
Central Statistics Agency of Maluku Province. (2014). Official News Statistics No. 07/01/81/Th. XVI, July 1 2014. Retrieved July 9, 2018, from http://www.maluku.bps.go.id.
Cheema, G. S., & Rondinelli, D. A. (1983). Decentralization and development: Policy implementation in developing countries. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications.
Coleman, J. (1990). Foundation of social theory. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Dhara Pos. (2015). Termiskin di Maluku, Bupati MTB didesak evaluasi pimpinan SKPD. Retrieved March 20, 2018, from http://www.dharapos.com/2015/04/termiskin-di-maluku-bupati-mtb-didesak.html.
Edwards III, G. C. (1980). Implementing public policy. Washington: Congressional Quarterly Press.
Geertz, C. (1989). Penjaja dan Raja: Perubahan sosial dan modernisasi ekonomi di dua kota Indonesia. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia.
Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 15/2010
Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 2/2019
Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 78/2005
Graeff, P. 2009. “Social Capital: The Dark Sideâ€in Svendsen, Gert Tinggaard – Haase Svendsen, Gunnar Lind (Eds.). “Handbook of Social Capitalâ€. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Grindle, M. S. (1980). Politics and policy implementation in the Third World. New Jersey: Princenton University Press.
Hasbullah J. (2006). Social Capital (Menuju Keunggulan Budaya Manusia Indonesia). Jakarta: MR-United Press.
Kimbal, R. W. (2015). Modal Sosial dan Ekonomi Industri Kecil: Sebuah Studi Kualitatif. Yogyakarta: Deepublish.
Kusumasari, B. (2014). Manajemen bencana dan kapabilitas pemerintah lokal. Yogyakarta: Gava Media.
Koritelu, P. (2009). Perubahan Hubungan Sosial Duan dan Lolat di Olilit Raya, Tanimbar, MTB, dalam Kurun Waktu 19952004. Doctoral dissertation Universitas Indonesia, 2009). Depok, Indonesia: Universitas Indonesia.
Lerebulan, A. (2011). Tanimbar, Kepulauan Tanimbar: antara Tradisi dan Kehidupan Modern. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Litvack, J., Ahmad, J., & Bird, R. (1998). Rethinking decentralization in developing countries. Washington DC. The World Bank.
Margono, S. A., & Kusumasari, B. (2014). Manajemen Publik Kontemporer. Yogyakarta: Gava Media.
Mazmanian, D. A., & Sabatier, P. A. (1983). Implementation and public policy. Scott, New Jersey: Foresman and Company.
Mulyadi. (2010). Pengaruh modal sosial, locus of control, dan motivasi terhadap perilaku berwawasan lingkungan petani dalam mengelola lahan pertanian di Kabupaten Soppeng. Jurnal Manusia dan Lingkungan, 18(1).
Nurhadi. (2000). Modal sosial dalam pengembangan hutan rakyat: Studi kasus Desa Kedungkeris, Kecamatan Ngipar, Kabupaten Gunung Kidul. Jurnal Hutan Rakyat, 2(1).
Pramusinto, A. (2016). Encouraging Change from Outside: Towards Democratic and Serving Indonesian Bureaucracy. Speech presented at Inauguration of Professors at the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences of Universitas Gadjah Mada, in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Ruslanjari, D. (2010). The role of social capital in the speed of earthquake disaster rehabilitation and reconstruction in Multireligi and Monoreligi Villages: Cases in Bantul Regency. Indonesian Disaster Journal, 2(3).
Sahlan. (2009). Modal sosial masyarakat Tau Taa Wana Bulang dalam mengkonservasi hutan di Provinsi Selawesi Tengah. (Doctoral dissertation Universitas Gadjah Mada, 2009). Yogyakarta, Indonesia: Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Senoaji. (2004). Pemanfaatan hutan dan lingkungan oleh masyarakat Baduy di Banten Selatan. Jurnal Manusia dan Lingkungan, XI(3). Yogyakarta: Pusat Studi Lingkungan Hidup, Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Sulastriyono. (2008). Pembangunan hukum sumber daya air sungai yang berbasis modal sosial: Peluang dan tantangannya. Jurnal Mimbar Hukum, 20(3).
Sulastriyono. (2009). Nilai-nilai modal sosial dalam pengelolaan sumber daya air di Telaga Omang dan Ngloro, Kecamatan Saptosari, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. Jurnal Mimbar Hukum, 21(2).
Susanto, E., & Rostiani, R. (2012). Enhancing cross cultural training efficacy on expatriate adjustment through emotional intelligence and social capital. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 14(2), 1-16.
The Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia No. 32/2004
The Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia No. 46/ 1999
The Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia No. 6/2000
The Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia No. 12/2008
The Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia No. 22/ 1999
The Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia No. 23/ 2014
The Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia No. 8/2005
Tönnies, F. (1963). Community and society. (C. P. Loomis, Trans.). New York: Harper and Row.
van Meter, D. S., & van Horn, C. E. (1975). The policy implementation process: A conceptual framework. Administration and Society, 6(4).
World Bank. (1998). The initiative on defining, monitoring and measuring social capital: Text of proposal approved for funding. Social Capital Initiative Working Paper No.2. The World Bank: Social Development Family, Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development Network.
World Bank. (2006). Social Capital in Economic Trade and Migration.
Wuritimur, A. (2012). Basudara orang Tanimbar: Model modal sosial. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
www.mtbkab.go.id
Ambon Ekspres. (2015). MTB termiskin di Maluku. Retrieved March 20, 2018, from http://ambonekspres.fajar.co.id/2015/02/24/mtb-termiskin-di-maluku/.
Anderson, J. E. (1990). Public policymaking: An introduction. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Asmara, M. G., Arba, & Maladi, Y. (2010). Penyelesaian konfik pertanahan berbasis nilai-nilai kearifan lokal di Nusa Tenggara Barat, Jurnal Mimbar Hukum, 22(1).
Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara Barat. (2018). Maluku Tenggara Barat dalam angka 2018. Saumlaki: Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara Barat.
Center for Strategic and International Studies. (2017). Demand Driven Development. Retrieved May 1, 2018, from https://www.csis.org/events/demand-drivendevelopment.
Central Statistics Agency of Maluku Province. (2014). Official News Statistics No. 07/01/81/Th. XVI, July 1 2014. Retrieved July 9, 2018, from http://www.maluku.bps.go.id.
Cheema, G. S., & Rondinelli, D. A. (1983). Decentralization and development: Policy implementation in developing countries. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications.
Coleman, J. (1990). Foundation of social theory. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Dhara Pos. (2015). Termiskin di Maluku, Bupati MTB didesak evaluasi pimpinan SKPD. Retrieved March 20, 2018, from http://www.dharapos.com/2015/04/termiskin-di-maluku-bupati-mtb-didesak.html.
Edwards III, G. C. (1980). Implementing public policy. Washington: Congressional Quarterly Press.
Geertz, C. (1989). Penjaja dan Raja: Perubahan sosial dan modernisasi ekonomi di dua kota Indonesia. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia.
Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 15/2010
Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 2/2019
Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 78/2005
Graeff, P. 2009. “Social Capital: The Dark Sideâ€in Svendsen, Gert Tinggaard – Haase Svendsen, Gunnar Lind (Eds.). “Handbook of Social Capitalâ€. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Grindle, M. S. (1980). Politics and policy implementation in the Third World. New Jersey: Princenton University Press.
Hasbullah J. (2006). Social Capital (Menuju Keunggulan Budaya Manusia Indonesia). Jakarta: MR-United Press.
Kimbal, R. W. (2015). Modal Sosial dan Ekonomi Industri Kecil: Sebuah Studi Kualitatif. Yogyakarta: Deepublish.
Kusumasari, B. (2014). Manajemen bencana dan kapabilitas pemerintah lokal. Yogyakarta: Gava Media.
Koritelu, P. (2009). Perubahan Hubungan Sosial Duan dan Lolat di Olilit Raya, Tanimbar, MTB, dalam Kurun Waktu 19952004. Doctoral dissertation Universitas Indonesia, 2009). Depok, Indonesia: Universitas Indonesia.
Lerebulan, A. (2011). Tanimbar, Kepulauan Tanimbar: antara Tradisi dan Kehidupan Modern. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Litvack, J., Ahmad, J., & Bird, R. (1998). Rethinking decentralization in developing countries. Washington DC. The World Bank.
Margono, S. A., & Kusumasari, B. (2014). Manajemen Publik Kontemporer. Yogyakarta: Gava Media.
Mazmanian, D. A., & Sabatier, P. A. (1983). Implementation and public policy. Scott, New Jersey: Foresman and Company.
Mulyadi. (2010). Pengaruh modal sosial, locus of control, dan motivasi terhadap perilaku berwawasan lingkungan petani dalam mengelola lahan pertanian di Kabupaten Soppeng. Jurnal Manusia dan Lingkungan, 18(1).
Nurhadi. (2000). Modal sosial dalam pengembangan hutan rakyat: Studi kasus Desa Kedungkeris, Kecamatan Ngipar, Kabupaten Gunung Kidul. Jurnal Hutan Rakyat, 2(1).
Pramusinto, A. (2016). Encouraging Change from Outside: Towards Democratic and Serving Indonesian Bureaucracy. Speech presented at Inauguration of Professors at the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences of Universitas Gadjah Mada, in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Ruslanjari, D. (2010). The role of social capital in the speed of earthquake disaster rehabilitation and reconstruction in Multireligi and Monoreligi Villages: Cases in Bantul Regency. Indonesian Disaster Journal, 2(3).
Sahlan. (2009). Modal sosial masyarakat Tau Taa Wana Bulang dalam mengkonservasi hutan di Provinsi Selawesi Tengah. (Doctoral dissertation Universitas Gadjah Mada, 2009). Yogyakarta, Indonesia: Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Senoaji. (2004). Pemanfaatan hutan dan lingkungan oleh masyarakat Baduy di Banten Selatan. Jurnal Manusia dan Lingkungan, XI(3). Yogyakarta: Pusat Studi Lingkungan Hidup, Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Sulastriyono. (2008). Pembangunan hukum sumber daya air sungai yang berbasis modal sosial: Peluang dan tantangannya. Jurnal Mimbar Hukum, 20(3).
Sulastriyono. (2009). Nilai-nilai modal sosial dalam pengelolaan sumber daya air di Telaga Omang dan Ngloro, Kecamatan Saptosari, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. Jurnal Mimbar Hukum, 21(2).
Susanto, E., & Rostiani, R. (2012). Enhancing cross cultural training efficacy on expatriate adjustment through emotional intelligence and social capital. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 14(2), 1-16.
The Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia No. 32/2004
The Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia No. 46/ 1999
The Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia No. 6/2000
The Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia No. 12/2008
The Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia No. 22/ 1999
The Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia No. 23/ 2014
The Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia No. 8/2005
Tönnies, F. (1963). Community and society. (C. P. Loomis, Trans.). New York: Harper and Row.
van Meter, D. S., & van Horn, C. E. (1975). The policy implementation process: A conceptual framework. Administration and Society, 6(4).
World Bank. (1998). The initiative on defining, monitoring and measuring social capital: Text of proposal approved for funding. Social Capital Initiative Working Paper No.2. The World Bank: Social Development Family, Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development Network.
World Bank. (2006). Social Capital in Economic Trade and Migration.
Wuritimur, A. (2012). Basudara orang Tanimbar: Model modal sosial. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
www.mtbkab.go.id